
ALT The processing of blood cultures takes place in parallel to the empirical treatment of bloodstream infection and sepsis. At multiple nodes in the clinical pathway, there is an exchange of clinical and laboratory information, leading to the tailoring of antimicrobial therapy to pathogen and susceptibility testing. Our study focused on the events within the inner “Laboratory” (dark purple).

ALT Old Zin grapes have increased fungal numbers but similar mycobiomes to New Zin grapes. (A) Fungal numbers on grapes at harvest in 2022 and 2021. Fungal numbers were approximated by quantifying the copies of ITS2 in the samples. There are approximately 200 copies of ITS2 in a single fungal genome. (B) Percent of fungal ITS2 sequencing reads from grapes that mapped to the genus Cladosporium. (C) Relative abundance of fungal classes on grapes. Cladosporium is a member of the Dothideomycetes class. (D) Shannon Diversity index of individual grape samples. *, P ≤ 0.05 via Mann–Whitney test. ns, a heterogeneity test was not significant via ANOVA (P = 0.205).

ALT ASM Peer Review Options Single-anonymized Review Also known as “single-masked” or “single-blind.” Features - Reviewer identity is not visible to the author. - Author identity is visible to the reviewer. - Reviewer & author identities are visible to the editor. Information about the review process or decision process is not published. Journals Using This Model: All

ALT ASM Peer Review Options Double-anonymized Review Also known as “double-masked” or “double-blind.” Features - Reviewer identity is not visible to the author. - Author identity is not visible to the reviewer. - Reviewer & author identities are visible to the editor. Information about the review process or decision process is not published. Journals Using This Model: Journal of Bacteriology (JB)

ALT ASM Peer Review Options Open Review Features - Reviewer identity is visible to author if the reviewer opts in. - Author identity is visible to the reviewer. - Reviewer & author identities are visible to the editor. Information about reviewer names and review report published only if the author or reviewer opts in. Journals Using This Model: mSystems and Microbiology Spectrum

ALT Method comparison results for Kp qPCR with culture for stool samples. (A) Comparison of results for the detection of K. pneumoniae by Kp qPCR and culture. PPA, positive percent agreement; NPA, negative percent agreement; ORA, overall rate of agreement. (B) Relative abundance of K. pneumoniae in culture-positive and culture-negative samples, as determined by Kp qPCR using the ΔΔCT method.














