ALT Civgraph's map catalogue, showing a townlands map with the following description: Townlands are the smallest territorial division that cover the entirety of Ireland, and are grouped to make up larger areas such as civil parishes and electoral divisions. Townland boundaries have changed little over the centuries. For an online index of digitally mapped townlands, see the Townlands.ie project. Wikipedia: Townland · Townlands.ie

ALT Civgraph's election catalogue, showing the 2024 and 2020 Irish general elections with the following descriptions: Election for the 34th Dáil, triggered due to the end of the 33rd Dáil’s tenure. A second Fianna Fáil-Fine Gael coalition government (swapping out the Green Party for a group of 9 independents) was elected, with Micheál Martin and Simon Harris being reappointed as rotating Taoisigh. Wikipedia: 2024 Irish general election Election for the 33rd Dáil, triggered due to instability within the 32nd Dáil. An unprecedented Fianna Fáil-Fine Gael-Green Party coalition government was elected, with Micheál Martin and Leo Varadkar being appointed as rotating Taoisigh. Simon Harris was appointed as Taoiseach after Varadkar’s resignation in April 2024. Wikipedia: 2020 Irish general election

ALT ESTIMATES FOR BARONIES OF MINIMUM LEVEL OF IRISH-SPEAKING AMONGST SUCCESSIVE DECENNIAL COHORTS: 1771-1781 TO 1861-1871 By Garret FitzGerald, M.R.I.A. [Received after revision 4 October 1983. Read 30 November 1983. Published 13 July 1984.] ABSTRACT The object of this paper is to establish an approximate minimum level of Irish-speaking in respect of successive new generations of young people in different parts of Ireland (the geographical unit employed being the barony) from around 1770 to 1870. The age-group tables for Irish-speaking in the 1881 census are the principal source of data, and similar data from the less satisfactory 1851 and 1861 censuses are also used. The validity of the methodology is discussed. The pattern of decline and survival of Irish in different parts of the island is considered and further possibilities for work in this area are suggested.

ALT (Extract from the RIA's Dictionary of Irish Biography) FitzGerald privately admitted that he was ill at ease with the populist aspects of Irish politics, preferring intelligent conversation to the loud music characteristic of late-night party social events, and finding relief from the razzmatazz of campaigning in calculating the rate of decline of the Irish language during the nineteenth century. (This research was subsequently published in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy).

ALT Today's three-word Redactle solved in three guesses