CSOH is a nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank, advancing research and informing policies to combat organized hate, extremism, radicalization, and online harms.

Washington, DC
Joined August 2024
#NewReport: A new investigation by the Center for the Study of Organized Hate (CSOH) and @AP exposes a disturbing pattern of police shootings targeting Muslims over allegations of cow smuggling in India’s Uttar Pradesh state. Known as “half encounters,” these shootings often involve people being shot in the legs, leaving many with lifelong injuries. We documented 645 such cases involving 772 victims since 2020. Nearly 93% of those injured were Muslim. Across hundreds of encounters, people were shot in strikingly similar locations, often just below the knee. Since 2017, when Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) came to power in Uttar Pradesh, 12,890 people have been injured in police shootings across the state. The state government has not publicly released a religious breakdown of those injured. We shared our findings exclusively with The Associated Press, which independently reviewed more than 200 cases and interviewed affected families, police officials, and experts. The evidence collected on hundreds of shootings clearly shows that the state institutions, particularly the law enforcement, are increasingly being used as the vehicles for the persecution of Muslim minority. This appears to have evolved into a bureaucratization of persecution, where policing increasingly seems to appear to be intertwined with majoritarian politics. Read the full investigation: apnews.com/article/india-pol…
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South Asian communities on Long Island told Newsday Media Group that online hate and misinformation targeting their communities are no longer just offensive. They increasingly feel dangerous. Speaking to @Newsday, our Executive Director, Raqib Naik, emphasized the distinction. "You can have a conversation while being offended and it's totally OK. ... Everyone has the right to freely express themselves. But when that crosses the threshold of imminent harm, that is where we need to draw the line," said Naik. newsday.com/long-island/repo…
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105 members of Congress have signed a letter calling on the FBI to investigate the recent attempted mass shooting at a Hindu temple in Illinois as a potential hate crime and examine whether the suspect received assistance or was radicalised online. The letter also draws attention to the rising anti-South Asian hate in the US and cites our recent research, which documents an explosive surge in online hate, including racist and dehumanising rhetoric and conspiracy theories rooted in Great Replacement. Full report: csohate.org/2026/09/28/anti-…
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📣 Meet the speakers joining us for the Big Tech, Democracy, and Human Rights Conference on November 6 at Stanford University. At a time when rapid advances in AI are outpacing regulatory oversight, platform design is fueling digital harms, techno-authoritarianism is on the rise, and protections stop at the borders of a few wealthy nations, we bring together leading voices to examine what it will take to hold tech companies accountable to everyone they affect and to build a just digital future for the Global Majority. 📅 November 6 📍 Stanford University 🔗 Register: csohate.org/big-tech-democra… #BTDHR2026 #AI #digitalharms #st
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Join us in Tokyo on October 30 for an event on migration, xenophobia, and the politics of belonging in Japan, co-organized with the Institute of Asian Migration at @waseda_univ. As more foreign residents build their lives in Japan, public debate about them has become more hostile. Kurdish and Muslim communities have been singled out, and much of that hostility is being fueled online, often borrowing from far-right movements abroad. Our speakers will share findings from their research, from survey data on public opinion to the everyday experiences of Muslim women. Can’t make it in person? You’re welcome to join virtually: tinyurl.com/tokyoevent
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Two weeks ago, we released a comprehensive report documenting an explosive surge in anti-South Asian hate online. We warned that the proliferation of racist hate and conspiracy theories, particularly great replacement narratives risks fueling hate-motivated violence. Today, FBI announced the arrest of a 19-year-old man from Palatine, Illinois, accused of plotting a mass shooting at a Hindu temple. According to the Palatine Police Department, Alexandros Paporakis, who was taken into custody on October 11, had drafted a manifesto containing white supremacist extremist writings, including references to violence targeting people of South Asian descent, particularly Indians. While it remains unclear what role digital platforms played in his radicalization, we know that online hate, extremist propaganda, and conspiracy theories create pathways to real-world violence. The danger is not confined to digital spaces. This incident should be a wake-up call to confront the growing normalization of anti-South Asian hate with the seriousness it demands. Now more than ever, we need sustained prevention and early intervention to disrupt the pathways through which young people are drawn into extremist ideologies and mobilized toward violence. patch.com/illinois/palatine/…
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Center for the Study of Organized Hate (CSOH) retweeted
In partnership with Bridge, the @csohate published a new report testing how X moderates anti-Muslim dehumanization and violent threats, revealing inconsistent enforcement of its own policies. bridge.georgetown.edu/resear…
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CNN’s latest piece examines how right-wing figures like Christopher Rufo and Jonathan Keeperman are reviving the dangerous rhetoric of “Indian Question,” framing an entire community as a problem and echoing a history of exclusion, dehumanisation and violence. The piece features our research on the rise of anti-South Asian hate and an interview with our Executive Director Raqib Naik. “The real-world harm to these communities doesn’t happen as one straight step. It’s a process. This demonizing, this hysterical, stereotypical, violent language contributes to that process, and people with platforms as huge as Chris Rufo contribute immensely to that process,” Raqib Naik said. More: cnn.com/2026/10/10/us/word-o…
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📣 #Announcement: The Big Tech, Democracy, and Human Rights Conference is back for a second year. On November 6, we’ll be at Stanford University with researchers, technologists, journalists, policy professionals, and advocates for a full day on the growing power of technology companies and what it means for the Global Majority. We’ll get into online harms, platform accountability, AI, surveillance, techno-authoritarianism, and where tech governance goes from here, all of it circling the same question: how do we reshape tech power and build a just digital future for the Global Majority? 📍 Stanford University 📅 Friday, November 6, 2026 This year, we’re joined by the Center for South Asia at Stanford University, Digital Rights Foundation USA, and Noor Network as co-organizers. Speaker lineup coming soon! Reserve your spot: csohate.org/big-tech-democra… #BTDHR2026 #GlobalMajority #Stanford @csastanford
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The idea that South Asians are “replacing” Americans has become one of the most pervasive narratives driving anti-South Asian hate online. Nearly 45% of the anti-South Asian hate we documented on X centered on claims that South Asians are taking jobs, “invading” the country, or posing a demographic threat. Immigration and H-1B visas were major flashpoints. Much of this rhetoric draws directly from Great Replacement and “remigration” narratives. On fringe platforms, it also converges with antisemitic conspiracy theories, which also reveals how hatred targeting South Asians increasingly connects to a wider ecosystem of far-right extremism. Read our full report: csohate.org/2026/09/28/anti-…
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Our Executive Director, Raqib Naik, joined @ayesharascoe on @NPR’s Weekend Edition to discuss the rise in anti-South Asian hate in the United States, findings from our recent report, and the factors fueling this surge. Listen to the full segment on NPR: npr.org/2026/10/04/nx-s1-598…
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If you’re in Nepal for the Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF), don’t miss this workshop co-facilitated by CSOH researcher Saritha Irugalbandara. Join the conversation, share your perspectives, and be sure to connect with us while you’re there.
Factum is hosting a session on AI bias & digital trust at #APrIGF2026 in Kathmandu! Panelists: Pahani Weerakkodi (Factum) Saritha Irugalbandara (CSOH) Dr. Dovan Rai (Body & Data) • Farieha Aziz (Bolo Bhi)Join us as we chart a path toward fair tech! #AIGovernance #InclusiveAI
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The Guardian tested AI chatbots after French far-right politician Julien Odoul altered a photo of a Muslim woman to remove her hijab. Its testing found that several AI tools complied with similar prompts to remove hijabs from images of Muslim women. “This is just part of an ongoing trend of how we see Muslim communities, and particularly Muslim women, being targeted and abused,” CSOH director of research Eviane Leidig told The Guardian. Our research has documented similar types of AI-enabled hatred being directed at prominent female Muslim politicians in the US such as Ilhan Omar and Rashida Tlaib. theguardian.com/technology/2…
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Center for the Study of Organized Hate (CSOH) retweeted
Factum is hosting a session on AI bias & digital trust at #APrIGF2026 in Kathmandu! Panelists: Pahani Weerakkodi (Factum) Saritha Irugalbandara (CSOH) Dr. Dovan Rai (Body & Data) • Farieha Aziz (Bolo Bhi)Join us as we chart a path toward fair tech! #AIGovernance #InclusiveAI
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Center for the Study of Organized Hate (CSOH) retweeted
New @csohate research identified 542,360 anti-South Asian posts on X from Jan 2025 to June 2026. Monthly volume rose 75%. The hate targets Hindus, Sikhs, Muslims and others, often through immigration and “invasion” narratives. Read the report: buff.ly/a0YBQbY
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#NewReport: Anti-South Asian hate in the United States has intensified sharply since late 2024, with racist, dehumanizing, and xenophobic slurs and narratives targeting South Asians proliferating across social media platforms. Read and download: csohate.org/2026/09/28/anti-…
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Our latest report examines the scale, nature, and tactics of online hate targeting South Asian Americans, including people of Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and other South Asian backgrounds, across X (formerly Twitter), 4chan, 8chan, and Gab.
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On X alone, the monthly volume of anti-South Asian hate increased by 240% from January 2024 to June 2026. The highest levels were concentrated in recent months, indicating that anti-South Asian hate is intensifying at an alarming rate.
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