Hannah Herzig (@hcherzig) profile picture

Biosecurity & clinical development @PopVaxIndia | views are my own https://xitter.gq/t.co/OUImYWcpQz

Joined May 2026
Photo by Hannah Herzig (@hcherzig)Photo by Hannah Herzig (@hcherzig)
Hannah Herzig retweeted
AI-designed viruses are coming, and our team @PopVaxIndia is building the Immune Engine to produce medicines against these threats within 4 weeks from sequencing. We're basing this work, led by @hcherzig, in London because of the UK's prescient vision in AI safety & biosecurity. Just as @ukgov were the first government to establish an AI safety & security lab @AISecurityInst, they are now the first government to set up a dedicated organisation to combat the biosecurity risks created by generative AI, which require a different approach than natural threats. We’ve been talking with the team building the AI Biosecurity Lab over the past few weeks, and we’re confident that they’re building an institution that is capable of meeting the enormous challenges that lie ahead. We look forward to working with them to help secure the world against the threat of AI-enabled bioweapons.
Replying to @KanishkaNarayan
2/7 We're launching a £165m National AI Biosecurity Initiative, including £100m for a world-first AI Biosecurity Lab. This will harness British scientific expertise and latest AI to detect biological threats and protect people from emerging risks. As with our @AISecurityInst, I want the new AIBL to lead the world in capability.
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
Check out the AI Biosecurity Lab we are building. UK gov announcement: gov.uk/government/news/intro… BBC coverage: bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cqdj… FT coverage: ft.com/content/e4481867-fecc… Bloomberg coverage: bloomberg.com/news/articles/…
Replying to @KanishkaNarayan
2/7 We're launching a £165m National AI Biosecurity Initiative, including £100m for a world-first AI Biosecurity Lab. This will harness British scientific expertise and latest AI to detect biological threats and protect people from emerging risks. As with our @AISecurityInst, I want the new AIBL to lead the world in capability.
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
Kudos to @sohamsankaran for this cutting edge endeavour
Launching RNAFoundry.com – we manufacture personalized cancer vaccines.
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
We've spent the last 30 months building the physical infrastructure to develop personalized medicines. Now, we deploy: in the next year, we will manufacture 100+ mRNA cancer vaccines - each purpose built for a single person. RNAFoundry.com
Launching RNAFoundry.com – we manufacture personalized cancer vaccines.
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
Launching RNAFoundry.com – we manufacture personalized cancer vaccines.
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Another sign that safeguards for biological AI tools are necessary, but not sufficient on their own. We also need robust, rapid response capabilities in case the safeguards fail.
Bad day for securing Bio AI with managed access or pretraining data filters. @AISecurityInst found: 1. Agents can reproduce bio-AI tools on 1 GPU for <$20 with just abstracts and public data 2. Fine-tuning can restore full capability to ESM-2 trained w/o viral proteins for <$80
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Grateful to @NPR for the chance to talk about how stress and infections like COVID can stir dormant viruses in our bodies, and what that may mean for our immune system. Still much to learn, and I’m thankful to my team and colleagues for their work 🎧 npr.org/2026/10/23/nx-s1-598…
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
The thing I always loved most about @restofworld articles was the focus on the ordinary people behind the global tech headlines. Incredible storytelling over the years. Re-sharing one of my all-time favorites from @violazhouyi and @NilChristopher: restofworld.org/2023/foxconn…
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
This is playing with fire. Minks and ferrets have such humanlike lung cells that they’re the standard for testing human flu transmission. (Cows aren’t!) An H5N1 epidemic raging in a mink farm is basically the plot for Dr. Evil tries to spark a pandemic. Luck isn’t a plan.
Here’s something you should know about minks: They have lungs and airways remarkably similar on a cellular level to those of people. They’ve spread flus and infected humans before with COVID-19. Right now, bird flu is spreading on a Utah farm filled with thousands of them… 🧵
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
I’m seeing a lot of uninformed takes, like this one, about cell simulation feasibility. I wanted to contribute some facts. Alphafold works for predicting a subset of static structures (not how a protein structure changes shape under forces) on 1) well-ordered regions (not intrinsically disordered regions or long flexible loops) and 2) on proteins with plenty of evolutionary relatives (no orphan proteins). Alphafold solved this subset of static structure prediction with a dataset that took 50 years (PDB; 1971 to ~2020) to collect. It did not solve protein dynamics or how proteins fold into their shapes. Those remain unsolved. Cell simulation is vastly more complex and data hungry than any of this. Exact cell simulation means solving quantum equations for every atom and is totally intractable. But all approximations rely on - and are bottlenecked by - data, not compute. So the extrapolation from “alphafold worked” to “therefore cell simulation is feasible” assumes far too much.
If you had an exponential amount of compute you could solve simulate biology exactly and wouldn't need to run any experiments. Some of you will think "of course, but that's an unrealistic assumption" and others will think "no, you need experiments even with that much compute. That's just How It's Done". You would of course need evaluations once you have a solution, but you don't in principle need experiments to find it: Experiments are a way to save compute, dating from a time when it was much more expensive. And I think the presentation is exponential but real systems aren't irreducibly exponential. AlphaFold worked, after all.
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
PopVax's first vaccine entered a Phase I clinical trial on August 31. We're following this up with an ambitious pipeline of vaccines (HCV, TB, Strep A, rabies) and cancer therapeutics (liver & pancreatic cancer). Come help us develop new medicines to save 1 million lives each year! Here are some key open positions: Principal Scientist - Analytical Method Development (jobs.popvax.com/30208) and Senior Scientist - HPLC Method Development (jobs.popvax.com/41508): We design millions of new molecules – proteins, RNA, LNPs, and more. Your job is to figure out how to characterize them at high-throughput without sacrificing rigour, repeatability, and robustness, as well as to help make those methods GMP-grade as part of the handover to QC. We intend to take new medicines into clinical trials in weeks, not years, so we need to build adaptable analytical platforms, not bespoke methods that work for only one molecule. We strongly prefer candidates with the ability to write code to build automated data analysis pipelines for their methods – LLM-generated code is fine as long as you are able to comprehensively validate the logic and output of the pipelines. Head of Quality Control (jobs.popvax.com/41525) – We manufacture our own clinical doses at the RNA Foundry, and every analytical method we develop for a new molecule eventually has to become a validated QC method. You’ll lead the team that tests every batch to international GMP standards, take on method transfers from analytical development, and build a QC function that can keep pace with a pipeline aiming to reach the clinic in weeks, not years. Junior Scientist - Vaccine Immunology (jobs.popvax.com/37003) – Our vaccine programs halt or advance on the immunogenicity data that comes back from animal and organoid studies. You’ll run the assays that produce that data – ELISAs, pseudovirus neutralization, and bacterial growth-inhibition assays – and coordinate animal studies with our internal teams and CROs, following each study from plan to samples to result. We prefer candidates who can write code for routine data analysis. Head of Legal (jobs.popvax.com/41524) – Our first vaccine was manufactured in India, was filled into vials in the US, and has now entered a clinical trial in Australia. We work with dozens of counterparties – funders, governments, universities, CROs, and suppliers – with more added each week. You’ll own the day-to-day of our Indian legal work, from contracts to compliance to labour law, work with the legal teams supporting our UK and Australian operations, and make sure paperwork is never the bottleneck between our new medicines and the clinic. Chief of Staff to the Chief Science Officer: Our CSO needs a partner who can take experimental planning and coordination off his plate so that he can spend more time thinking hard about our thorniest problems. You will turn complex scientific hypotheses into clear executable plans, coordinate with scientists to see each experiment through, and analyze the data to help plan the next round of iteration. You’ll need a strong scientific background, a sharp eye for detail, and boundless energy to keep ambitious scientific work moving. To apply, email dhruv [at] popvax [dot] com with a human-written explanation of why you’re the best person for the job. If none of these are a good fit, take a look popvax.com/jobs or email us at work [at] popvax [dot] com.
On August 31, the first two participants were injected with @PopVaxIndia’s first fridge-stable RNA vaccine candidate in a Phase I clinical trial in Australia. We built this vaccine at our RNA Foundry in Hyderabad – from computational design to GMP manufacturing. Here's how:
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4 weeks is also the speed we should strive for to respond to new outbreaks, especially as AI lowers barriers to engineering viruses. This is why @sohamsankaran & I are working on @PopVaxIndia's Immune Engine to make rapid therapeutics a reality. More here chronicles.popvax.com/p/apoc…
Seven hundred and fifty eight subjects received a personalized mRNA, not one of which was described in an IND. Each made in 4 weeks from tumor biopsy. The process is the product. Hello personal CRISPR cures.
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
This is exactly what @hcherzig and I are working on @PopVaxIndia across the UK, the US, and India! Read more here: chronicles.popvax.com/p/apoc…
In my lab, we use AI to discover new antibiotics and other medical countermeasures. But the same technologies could also make it easier to create biological threats. In my @washingtonpost op-ed, I argue that U.S. biodefense must keep pace with AI. Building the capacity to protect people takes years. We cannot afford to wait for a crisis. Read: washingtonpost.com/opinions/…
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
P.S. AI protein design gets the headlines. Whether the thing in the tube is actually what you designed gets decided by analytical methods. My team at @PopVaxIndia is hiring an analytical scientist for protein characterisation (SEC-HPLC) jobs.popvax.com/41532
On August 31, the first two participants were injected with @PopVaxIndia’s first fridge-stable RNA vaccine candidate in a Phase I clinical trial in Australia. We built this vaccine at our RNA Foundry in Hyderabad – from computational design to GMP manufacturing. Here's how:
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Very moving to see @MTamfum & Peter Piot arm in arm, receiving the @virchowprize for discovering & fighting Ebola. Side note: Luckily, we now have safer equipment than thermos flasks for shipping viral samples. That's how the key sample traveled from DRC to Belgium 50 years ago!
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This is how the test tubes that led to the discovery and first images of Ebola virus arrived in Antwerp, from Piot's "No Time to Lose." @inrb_kinshasa didn't exist in 1976, so the samples needed to be sent to a lab that had the capacity to do the needed analyses: @ITMantwerp
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Wonderful interview with Peter Piot in the @nytimes today, going into more detail on the discovery of Ebola and his many decades in the service of improving public health, from preventing HIV to reforming global health governance. nytimes.com/2026/10/12/us/po…
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"We’re entering an era in which a machine can design a pathogen faster than we can create the countermeasure to fight it." Good piece by Jeff Coller in @nytimes about why we need a capability to rapidly develop safe medicines against emerging pathogens. nytimes.com/2026/10/12/opini…
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Hannah Herzig retweeted
Pfizer's original COVID vaccine needed a freezer at about -70C, which many clinics do not have. On August 31, the first volunteers in Melbourne got an mRNA vaccine that stays stable for at least 9 months in an ordinary fridge. It was built by @PopVaxIndia, a Hyderabad team that started in late 2021 in a shared lab smaller than a parking spot and now designs vaccines with AI. The shot delivers mRNA instructions in a tiny fat bubble. Your cells read them and build a harmless fake virus, a ball covered in copies of the coronavirus spike tip. Immune cells react far more strongly to many copies packed together, and in mice the ball produced over 50x the virus-blocking antibodies of the spike tip alone. The mouse and fridge results come straight from PopVax and have not been peer-reviewed. The trial in 36 volunteers is testing safety. Gene editing and CAR-T, which reprograms immune cells to attack disease, already reach patients in trials inside the same kind of fat bubble. A small team in India building its own is how those medicines reach people outside rich countries. Huge congrats @sohamsankaran and team. Watch the film.
On August 31, the first two participants were injected with @PopVaxIndia’s first fridge-stable RNA vaccine candidate in a Phase I clinical trial in Australia. We built this vaccine at our RNA Foundry in Hyderabad – from computational design to GMP manufacturing. Here's how:
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